Saturday, February 7, 2026

For Venezuela as a nation, as a nation, the most important amnesty would be to free it from the yoke of the centralized redistribution of its oil revenues

Extracted from: “The right of ownership of hydrocarbons in Venezuela: origin and legal tradition.” by Jesús Mora Contreras, 2002.

"The Ordinances of San Lorenzo, issued by Felipe II in 1584, which incorporated all mines into the royal patrimony, remained in force in America until 1783 when they were repealed by the Mining Ordinances for New Spain, promulgated by King Charles III, which stipulated that "The mines [including bitumens or earth oils] belong to my Royal Crown."

 

In 1829, Simón Bolivar, the Liberator issued a Decree in Quito that tacitly established that the mines passed from the Spanish Royal Crown to the domain of the Republic... whose government grants them in ownership and possession to the citizens who request them, under the conditions expressed in the Mining Laws and Ordinances, and with the other provisions contained in this decree." As if to reaffirm their origin, Congress, in the Law of 1832, resolved: "in accordance with the Decree of October 24, 1829, the Ordinance that shall serve as a rule for the Government regarding mines is that of New Spain of 1783."


Something which has caused me to now post on X the following:


The most important amnesty for Venezuela as a nation, the one that would free it from the yoke of those interested in redistributing its oil revenues, is to eliminate any trace left by the Ordinances of San Lorenzo, issued in Spain in 1584, by Felipe II.